Two-year clinical wear performance of two polyacid-modified resin composites (compomers) in posterior permanent teeth

Aim: The aim was to compare the clinical wear of two compomers (F2000; 3M/ESPE and Dyract AP; Dentsply) placed in occlusal cavities in permanent molars within a two-year follow-up period using an indirect method of evaluation. Methods: Twenty-one patients, whose treatment plans included Class I restorations, were selected. Each patient received two occlusal Class I restorations in permanent molars. One and 2 years after placement of the restorations, the 21 teeth restored with each material were submitted to wear evaluation. Polyvinylsiloxane impressions were taken and casts were made (baseline, 1 year and 2 years). The casts were classified by comparative evaluation using sets of 18 calibrated standard models (0 to 900 ìm), according to Leinfelder’s indirect method. Paired and unpaired t-tests were used for comparisons between the evaluations for the same material and between materials for each evaluation period, respectively. Results: The occlusal wear was higher after 2 years than after 1 year (p<0.001). The t-test demonstrated that the wear values, after 1 year, were similar for both compomers (F2000=17.6 ìm and Dyract AP=12.8 ìm). However, after 2 years, F2000 restorations (40.6 ìm) suffered significantly more wear (p<0.05) than Dyract AP restorations (29.8 ìm). Although compomers performed similarly after 1 year, Dyract showed less occlusal wear after 2 years. All occlusal Class I compomer restorations presented more occlusal wear after 2 years, but were considered as clinically acceptable within the evaluation period. Conclusions: The mean wear values found for both compomers do not indicate the need for either repair or replacement of the restorations.

Influence of the substrate and load application method on the shear bond strength of two adhesive systems.

The difficulty with comparing data obtained from different research centers calls for the standardization of laboratory procedures. This in vitro study compared the shear bond strength (SBS) of two adhesive systems--a self-etching system, Etch&Prime 3.0 and a one-bottle total-etch system, Single Bond--using two methods of load application (orthodontic edge wire loop and knife-edge blade). The hypothesis of substrate influence on the results obtained for both tests was also investigated. Twenty-four recently extracted human teeth were embedded in PVC tubes using acrylic resin and divided into two groups (n=12). A proximal surface of each tooth was wet-ground flat to expose dentin. Etch&Prime 3.0 and Single Bond adhesive systems were applied according to the manufacturers' instructions, and cone-shaped restorations were then built using Z100 resin composite. After storage in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours, the specimens were submitted to SBS testing using an orthodontic edge wire loop. The same teeth were again embedded in PVC tubes using acrylic resin and the other proximal surface was wet-ground flat to expose dentin. The specimens were prepared as explained above, and after storage in distilled water under the same previous conditions, they were submitted to SBS testing using a knife-edge blade. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests were performed to determine any statistically significant differences among testing conditions. Results indicated that SBS values obtained for Etch&Prime 3.0 were significantly lower than Single Bond for both methods of load application (p<0.001). Regarding the load application method, statistically significant higher values (p<0.01) were obtained for Etch&Prime 3.0 when the knife-edge blade was used, whereas, no significant difference was observed between the two methods for Single Bond. There was a significant correlation between the bond strength values obtained on the same tooth (p<0.05). SEM examination found that Etch&Prime 3.0 demonstrated narrower tags than Single Bond. Moreover, the peritubular dentin was not adequately decalcified when Etch&Prime 3.0 was used.

Qualitative and auantitative wear rate of direct restorative materials / Avaliação qualitativa e quantitativa do desgaste de materiais restauradores diretos

O objetivo deste estudo in vitro foi avaliar o desgaste de três materiais restauradores diretos (dispesalloy, Surefil e Z250), através de dois metodos: visual (escala M-L) e quantitativo (perfilografo). Superficies ocludais de doze terceiros molares humanos foram aplainadas com disco diamantado e cavidades cilíndricas padronizadas foram confeccionadas no centro delas, com uma ponta diamantada nº721PM, e restauradas conforme instruções dos fabricantes. As restaurações foram armazenadas em agua destilada a 37ºC durante 24 horas, polidas, moldadas e submetidas à ciclagem mecanica. A avaliacao do desgaste foi feita através utilizando a escalaM-L e o perfilografo. Foram encontrados materiais diferentes para os materiais testados, dependento do metodo de avaliacao utilizado. Na escala M-L o desgate entre Dispersalloy, Surefil e Z250 nao foi diferente, enquanto que no perfolografo o Dispersalloy apresentou menos desgaste que as resinas Surefil e Z250 (p<0,01). A avaliação do desgaste pela escala M-L foi subestimada em relação ao método do perfilógrafo (p<0,05).